EFFECT OF CHILD ABUSE ON THE ACADE
This study being a narrative
theoretical study, examined the effect of Child abuse
on the academic performance of school children and
its implication on the Nigerian economy. Findings
from the study showed that the three major types of
child abuse are physical, sexual and emotional or
psychological abuse. It was also discovered from the
findings that abused children generally perform
poorly in school because they find it difficult to
concentrate in their academics. In addition, 24.6
percent of children in Nigeria were abused annually,
which has affected the growth of the Nigerian
economy negatively. To curb this trend, it was
recommended among others that parents, school
authorities, teachers and government all have roles to
play in order to mitigate this problem for the
economic growth of Nigeria.
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
A child generally is a boy or a girl of any age
between infancy and adolescence. This agrees with
the United Nations convention where it was resolved
through the Child Rights Act, 2003 that a child is
anyone who has not attained the age of 18 years [1].
Child abuse is therefore a practice whereby children
are maltreated, battered or deprived of some basic
needs in the home, street, religious houses or at school
by the elderly [2]. They further opined that Child
abuse could harm children physically, emotionally,
sexually or could even lead to their death. It is caused
by poverty, lack of parental care, unemployment,
marital conflicts and polygamous homes. Child abuse
causes pain to both male and female victims. Harmful
behaviours of children’s teachers, parents, peers,
guardians, siblings, so-called mentors and the society
in various forms could also lead to child abuse. Child
abuse is therefore not a strange phenomenon in
Nigeria. There is no safe place for children anymore
because it is everywhere.
Similarly, Chalk, Gibbons & Scarupa [3] observed
that child abuse negatively affects the child
physically, psychologically and behaviorally.
However, it is not possible to discuss them
individually in real world situation. Physical problems
(for example destruction of a child’s developing brain)
can lead to psychological manifestations (for example
delay in cognitive development). Psychological
effects mostly appear as high-risk behaviors which
could affect the abused child academically and
ultimately the economy. Shonk and Cicchetti [4]
corroborated this view by disclosing that children who
are maltreated usually get low grades in school and do
not excel in the society, which slows down the
economy.
Alokan and Olatunji [5] in a study on how child
abuse influences primary and secondary school
children in classroom and their academic performance
in Nigeria using a sample of 200 teachers, found out
that child abuse and children’s concentration in class
is positively related. This implies that abused children
do not concentrate in class with negative implication
on the Nigerian economy. Furthermore, Umobong [6]
asserted that child abuse is now prevalent in schools
with negative consequences on the educational
development of children and the economy in the areas
of joblessness. Gaudin [7] also submitted that abused
children’s intelligence is low as a result of neglect and
abuse. As a result of this, the economy suffers because
the abused children are unable to contribute
meaningfully to the economy.
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