KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF CONTRACEPTIVES AMONG FEMALE STUDENTS
ABSTRACT
Contraception is regarded as an important preventive measure of unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), among youths. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of contraception among female undergraduates in Dodoma, Tanzania.
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Almost 20% of the Tanzanian population is between 15 and 24 years of age [1]. This group constitutes the majority of youths who join universities in Tanzania. Although the group is the most sexually active, girls in the group are faced with more challenges in accessing contraceptives than are married women due to the stigma attached to their sexual activities before marriage. This poses the risk of unwanted and teen pregnancies and unsafe abortions [2]. The latter is a significant public health concern in many developing countries, with the most recent publication showing global annual incidence estimates that suggest that 25.1 million women had undergone unsafe abortions between 2010 and 2014 [3].
Despite being freely available at health facilities throughout the country, the utilization of contraception among students, especially females, remains low, with increased rates of unplanned pregnancies being reported [4]. Previous reports in Tanzania have shown the utilization of contraception among secondary school students to be between 11.8% and 40.0% despite students exhibiting a relatively high knowledge of contraception [5-8]. In the general population, the contraception uptake rate has been reported to vary from 19.0% to 34.4% [4,8].
The correct use of contraception can prevent unintended pregnancies, unsafe abortions, and sexually transmitted infections, including HIV [9]. Unwanted pregnancies among students of higher learning institutions create a major public health problem, particularly in developing countries, and may jeopardize students’ learning and potential careers. Globally, several studies have reported on the knowledge, attitude, and practice toward the use of contraception among various groups of students [10-14] but little is known about the current knowledge, attitude, and practice toward the use of contraception among young females in this study setting.
Most previous studies have concentrated mainly on primary and secondary school girls, and only a few have addressed the problem of the low utilization of contraception among university students. Further, to the best of our knowledge, no study has been conducted in this study area to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of methods of contraception among female university students. This study, therefore, aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of contraception methods among female undergraduate students in Dodoma, Tanzania.
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