THE ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES IN THE NIGER DELTA REGION OF NIGERIA.
ABSTRACT
The Niger Delta Region is located in Southern Nigeria.The region produces the oil wealth of the nation which accounted for over 90% of the national income. But the region is suffering from administrative neglect, crumbling infrastructures and services, high unemployment, social deprivation, abject poverty and endemic conflict. The study examines the concept of Corporate SocialResponsibility (CSR) that is, how companies manage the business processes to produce an over all positive impact on society. The study identifies three important international institutions that postulated the need for governments and companies to adhere to the principles of CSR. These are the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD), the Organization forEconomic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and theDow Jones Sustainability Indexes (DJSGI). The studyobserved that since the emergence of CSR in Nigeria, CSRis still at the discretion of the companies as there is nonational law in the area of CSR. The study also observedthat none of the International Corporate ResponsibilityInstrument, such as, the Organization for EconomicCooperation and Development (OECD) Guidelines forMultinational Enterprises; United Nations (UN) GlobalCompact and the 1998 ILO Declaration on FundamentalPrinciples and Rights at Works has been domesticated inNigeria. The paper concluded that in a country likeNigeria, where the principles and benefits of democraticgovernance are still fragile, CSR should involve a dynamiclearning process with a view to continual improvement.
Introduction
Under the Nigeria Companies and Allied Matters Act, 1990 a registered company is statutory required to perform some duties whichinclude the duties to pay tax, rates and levies.These duties do not includebuilding of schools, health centers, roads, water supply etc to its immediate environment.However, a company is under an obligation to have positiveimpact on its immediate environment. Thus, it becomes a compelling but not legally enforcible duty on a company to be socially responsible with its immediate environment so as to have a peaceful co-existence with them Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) therefore is an obligation on companies to consider the interests of the communities by providing socialinfrastructure such as schools, hospitals, roads, water supply in their areaof operations.These duties have been universally acknowledged andaccepted as a convention and practice that companies must have policieson Corporate Social Responsibility.The Niger Delta is located in Southern Nigeria. It comprises of Akwa-Ibom, Bayelsa, Cross-River, Edo, Rivers and Ondo States with a land massof 17,900 square metres.
Of great importance is the fact that the region produces the oil wealth of the nation which for over 40 years haveaccounted for over 90% of the national income.However, the region issuffering from administrative neglect, crumbling infrastructures andservices,high unemployment, social deprivation, abject poverty, filth andsqualor and endemic conflict.Three international institutions have underlined the need forgovernments and companies to adhere to the principles of corporate socialresponsibility. These are, the World Business Council for SustainableDevelopment (WBCSD), the Organization for Economic Cooperation andDevelopment (OECD), and the Dow Jones Sustainable Indexes (DJSGI).
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