AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE AFRICAN UNION IN THE PEACE PROCESS IN CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
ABSTRACT
The Central African Republic (CAR) has seen decades of fractured peacebuilding processes. After holding elections in 2016, the country can seize the opportunity to reach sustainable peace. The study examines the role played by the African Union in supporting CAR’s peace building and post-conflict reconstruction and development processes; and identifies ways for the continental body to enhance its engagements.
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The peacebuilding field is desperate for more effective responses to countries facing or emerging from conflicts. A growing number of actors support peacebuilding processes on the African continent, but, despite all their efforts, responses do not always achieve the desired results. The various peacebuilding actors and processes
provide a complex and interlinked array of responses that may complement, parallel and even compete with each other. In this context, an important case study is the Central African Republic (CAR). The country has been through various phases of conflict and has undergone some peacebuilding processes. However, continuous outbreaks of violence have forced external interveners to rethink their engagements and adopt more peacebuildingspecific tasks. The fractured peacebuilding process in the CAR shows that it desperately needs long-term rather than just short-term responses for peace to be sustained. During 2016, with the election of a new government, the CAR has an opportunity to effectively implement long-term strategies to improve the country’s resilience to conflict. A number of actors are already engaged in supporting the country’s
processes, but moving forward will require cohesive and harmonised strategies. One of these actors is the African Union (AU), which has been engaged in the country since December 2013, initially through the International Support Mission to the CAR
(MISCA). MISCA was subsequently taken over by the United Nations (UN). The AU has retained a political office in the country – the AU Mission for Central Africa and the CAR (MISAC) – and now wishes to adopt a more prominent role in the country’s post-conflict reconstruction and peacebuilding initiatives. This policy brief is part of a series of policy briefs and papers from the Institute for Security Studies’ (ISS) Training for Peace Programme (TfP) that reflects on peacebuilding processes in Africa. The series provides and gathers lessons, knowledge and evidence on the planning and implementation of these peacebuilding processes. This policy brief
is based on field research conducted from 13–19 September 2015 in Bangui with 19 stakeholders. It focuses in particular on ways in which the AU can further enhance its peace building role in the CAR.
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